Leg swelling, also known as edema, can be caused by various conditions. Here are five common causes:

1. Heart Failure: When the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, fluid can build up in the legs, ankles, and feet. This condition is known as congestive heart failure and often results in noticeable swelling.

2. Kidney Disease: The kidneys help regulate fluid balance in the body. When they are not functioning properly, fluid retention can occur, leading to swelling in the legs and other parts of the body.

3. Chronic Venous Insufficiency: This condition occurs when the veins in the legs cannot properly return blood to the heart. This causes blood to pool in the legs, resulting in swelling, pain, and sometimes varicose veins.

4. Lymphedema: Damage or removal of lymph nodes, often during cancer treatments, can block the lymphatic system, leading to fluid build-up and swelling in the legs. This condition can be chronic and require ongoing management.

5. Injury or Infection: Injuries such as sprains, fractures, or infections can cause localized swelling in the affected leg. The body’s inflammatory response to injury or infection leads to increased blood flow and fluid accumulation in the tissues.

If you experience persistent or severe leg swelling, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.