Understanding how home prices fluctuate over time is one of the most intriguing insights gleaned from my post on the reasons behind property bidding wars. Learning how prices change will empower you to make more informed purchases in the future.

I contend that timing the housing market is comparatively simpler than timing the stock market, primarily because home prices tend to change at a slower pace. Given the relatively lower efficiency of the real estate market compared to the stock market, astute real estate investors may find greater potential for profitable investments.

Analyzing four home sale examples allows us to draw conclusions that can benefit prospective homebuyers. Approximately 70% of the homes sold in this area exhibit similar price changes. While the remaining home sales may not be as pronounced, they still show signs of price recovery.

Home Price Sales Compared To Redfin Estimates

Here are four examples of homes sold on the west side of San Francisco, alongside their Redfin estimates. While I could have utilized Zillow, I prefer Redfin’s user interface and have found their valuation estimates to be more accurate.

However, it’s worth noting that both Redfin and Zillow often provide incorrect or lagging home valuation estimates. Savvy buyers or sellers can use these bad estimates to make more profitable decisions.

In each chart, the $ sign denotes the sold price, while the dark black line represents Redfin’s estimate of the property. What observations do you make?

Key Takeaways From The Charts

Here are the main observations from the charts:

1) The final sales price of each home significantly exceeds the Redfin estimate for each property.

2) There appears to be confusion in the second and third examples, as Redfin indicates a positive dollar figure since the sale, despite the sales prices surpassing the Redfin estimates. This suggests that Redfin may have updated their numerical valuation estimates post-sale without updating the corresponding valuation charts. Once these charts are updated, entirely new historical valuation estimates for each property will be generated, erasing the inaccuracies in Redfin’s initial estimates.

3) All price points are well above double the median home price of San Francisco (approximately $1.7 million), indicating strength in the higher-end and median to lower-end segments of the market.

4) Home prices peaked in early 2022 and reached their lowest point in late 2023, representing approximately 18 months of home price weakness.

5) Home prices began rising again in late 2023, experiencing a 15% – 20% increase through April 2024.

6) Home prices demonstrate gradual declines during downturns and rapid increases during upswings.

7) Current home prices have surpassed their previous all-time highs achieved in 2022.

Advice For Buyers Based On These Home Price Charts

If you’re considering purchasing a home, it’s important to understand that real estate downturns typically span between 1.5 to 4 years. The last extended downturn occurred from mid-2006 to mid-2010, with prices remaining stagnant for a couple of years before rebounding in 2012. In essence, it took six years for home prices to recover.

Therefore, when you observe signs of price weakness in your local real estate market, it’s advisable to wait at least a year before making a purchase. After this initial period, you can actively search for potential bargains.

While it’s possible to begin bargain hunting at the onset of a downturn by submitting lowball offers based on your projected bottom price, the majority of homesellers are unlikely to accept such offers. It generally takes around a year for homesellers’ expectations of receiving top dollar to diminish.

Thanks to advancements in technology and information efficiency, downturns appear to be getting shorter. For instance, the bear market in March 2020 was the fastest on record, rebounding within a couple of months. Similarly, the 2022 bear market lasted just one year before rebounding in 2023 and continuing into 2024.

Below is a price reference check regarding a home bought in October 2023, at the bottom of the latest real estate downturn. In October 2023, the sales price reset the Redfin estimate higher. Then notice the fade for the rest of the year followed by a surge higher in 2024 as more sales come in.

Waiting Too Long To Buy Has A Risk

When there is a rise in confidence regarding the economy and mortgage rate stability, buyers emerge in large numbers. The longer the period of below-average transaction volume, the greater the buildup of pent-up demand, leading to intense bidding wars.

All four property sale examples mentioned experienced bidding wars that drove the final sale price well above Redfin’s estimate and their 2022 valuation peaks. In essence, waiting too long for the housing market to bottom out could mean missing out on significant savings as prices quickly ratchet up.

If you’re genuinely committed to purchasing a home and intend to reside there for at least five years, it’s better to buy one or two years early than even just a month too late. While it may feel uncomfortable to witness comparable homes selling at lower prices than yours for potentially three-to-four years, when the real estate market eventually rebounds, there’s potential for bidding wars to drive your home’s value back to its all-time highs.

Below is a chart depicting the weekly availability of inventory of single-family homes in America by Altos Research/Housingwire. The years 2018, 2017, and 2019 serve as baseline years for home inventory comparison. Remarkably, 2024 marks the fifth consecutive year with inventory levels below the baseline. Consequently, one should anticipate a backlog of demand among prospective buyers.

The Ideal Strategy For Homebuyers In The Future

Based on this case study, the optimal strategy for buyers is to wait one year after detecting weakness in the housing market, then offer 10% below the asking price for available properties. Waiting just one year for prices to decline minimizes the risk of missing out on a sooner-than-expected robust rebound. Offering 10% below the asking price essentially anticipates potential further price declines over the next one to three years.

Admittedly, convincing most sellers to accept a 10% discount from their asking price one year after the peak may prove challenging. Hence, you’ll need to persuasively argue that selling at a discount isn’t truly a loss, as it reflects the inevitable direction of their home’s price.

While this assertion isn’t guaranteed, you and your buyer’s agent possess the skills to instill apprehension in the seller by leveraging resources like How To Convince A Seller To Sell To You When They Shouldn’t. During downturns, it’s easier to persuade sellers that the world is on the brink of collapse and that the market will never rebound. This is because humans are inherently inclined to avoid losses.

A Buyer Should Always Anticipate Further Downside

The challenge with purchasing during a downturn is that it’s improbable the real estate market will swiftly recover post-purchase. Instead, it’s likely to remain sluggish for another one or two years. This fear of financial loss is the primary reason for buyers’ hesitancy to capitalize on lower prices. It can feel akin to stepping in front of a moving train!

However, the old tenant of buying low and selling high remains true in real estate too. Successfully purchasing at any discount off an already reduced price one year from the peak can provide relative protection on the downside.

For context, the worst real estate downturn in recent memory saw home prices decline by 10% – 20% annually for three years, stabilize for one year, then decrease by around 7% for another year before stabilizing once more.

Considering the possibility of shorter downturns, if another severe downturn akin to the global financial crisis were to occur, it’s conceivable that its duration might shorten by one or two years. I just don’t think we’ll ever go through another housing downturn of this magnitude in the future due to stronger consumer balance sheets, more responsible lending, greater home equity, and the growing demand for real estate as an investment.

Still Better To Wait Until The Fourth Quarter To Buy (If You Can Find The Ideal House)

So, what should buyers do now that home prices have surged past their previous peaks? The most prudent course of action is to wait until the fourth quarter of the year when the housing market typically cools off.

Historically, prices have followed a pattern of spiking in the first half of the year, tapering off during the summer months, experiencing a brief resurgence after Labor Day, and then tapering again as the new year approaches. During periods of market growth, the intra-year price decline doesn’t typically reach the lows seen in the previous year before rebounding once more in the first half of the year.

The chart below illustrates this trend of higher lows and higher highs. Strategically, buyers aim to purchase during these dips, which occur towards the end of the year.

These price fluctuations within the year are cyclical because buyers tend to be more optimistic at the beginning of the year. With year-end bonuses, New Year’s resolutions, and a fresh outlook, they’re more inclined to make significant life changes, including purchasing a home.

The Upswing Will Likely Last Longer Than The Downswing

It’s unsurprising to witness a roughly two-year downturn in the real estate market following the Federal Reserve’s decision to raise rates 11 times since early 2022. This rate hike cycle was the fastest and largest on record. However, with the economy thriving and mortgage rates gradually declining, we may be poised for another prolonged upturn in the housing market.

The previous upcycle spanned from approximately 2012 through 2017, followed by a slowdown in 2018 until mid-2020. Subsequently, there was a resurgence for two years before the recent two-year slowdown from early 2022 through 2023.

It wouldn’t be unexpected to see national median home prices resume their upward trajectory for the next four to six years before encountering another slowdown lasting between two to four years.

An Important Development That Affects Future Home Prices

Indeed, while affordability may be low, there has been a notable shift in perception regarding real estate as an investment. This shift has led to an increase in the number of individuals purchasing multiple homes for investment and retirement purposes instead of just one. Perhaps, largely due to inflation, there is especially a growing fear among parents that if they don’t buy property today, their children will be priced out in the future.

Moreover, the growing recognition of real estate as a potentially lucrative investment has prompted institutional investors to raise more capital for home acquisitions. However, the most significant surge in demand stems from individual investors seeking to establish additional sources of semi-passive income.

Housing analysts often highlight the undersupply of homes as a key factor driving up prices. While this is undoubtedly true, I believe that the substantial impact on price appreciation stems from the millions of people choosing to build portfolios of rental properties alongside their primary residence, thereby significantly increasing demand.

Home Prices By City Compared To Their Peak Prices

While the future remains uncertain, I believe we have likely passed the bottom of the latest real estate downturn. Consequently, buying real estate today is likely less risky than it was in 2022 or 2023 because prices looked to have stopped declining.

Buying today is more akin to being a growth investor in stocks during a recovery. The chances of you buying a property and then seeing prices go down soon after are lower now. The key is not to get carried away and pay so far above fair market value that you need to wait a long time for the market to catch up to your purchase price.

Ideally, you should aim to identify and purchase properties in markets that have not already experienced significant price increases. Here’s some trailing data from the Residential Club newsletter that may offer some insights.

Within each city, various neighborhoods may be experiencing different fluctuations in prices. Additionally, consider supply factors. Cities like Dallas, Houston, and Austin have a substantial amount of new housing supply entering the market, which may take longer to be absorbed compared to cities like Portland, Seattle, and San Francisco.

Stay Disciplined When Buying The Most Expensive Asset In Your Life

The aim of this post is to assist you in analyzing current trends and becoming a more discerning thinker when it comes to property purchases. Property is likely the most significant investment you’ll make in your lifetime. Further, there is no guarantee it will go up in value. Thus, it’s crucial to become as informed as possible about the current market and familiarize yourself with various buying strategies.

All these charts and data provide snapshots in time, subject to change from month to month. But I also see the data over this time period as a great example to help us become better buyers in the future.

Good luck with your property search! I’ll be updating this post every six months to maintain the spirit of this case study.

Reader Questions On Home Price Dynamics

What other observations do you have from the charts above? What type of home pricing changes are seeing in your market? Please share which market you’re looking to buy.

Invest In Real Estate More Strategically

Considering the potential for a multi-year upcycle in real estate, investing now could be advantageous. Fundrise, a leading private real estate investment firm, manages over $3.3 billion in assets with a minimum investment of just $10. It focuses on residential and industrial real estate in the Sunbelt region, known for its lower valuations and higher yields.

Personally, I’ve allocated $954,000 to private real estate funds, predominantly targeting properties in the Sunbelt. With remote work becoming more prevalent, there’s a growing trend towards lower-cost areas of the country.

Fundrise is a sponsor of Financial Samurai, and Financial Samurai is an investor in Fundrise.